At present, the condenser microphones on the market are dazzling, if you are a newbie, you really don't know how to choose. Let's talk about the sensitivity parameters of the microphone today.
Sensitivity:
Popular refers to the size of the microphone's pickup ability. Academically speaking, the ability to generate voltage under unit sound pressure.
It's not that the sensitivity is getting higher and higher, the sensitivity is high, and the sound may not be the best, so we should consider the location of the condenser microphone when choosing. The directionality of the microphone sensitivity is an important factor in selecting a microphone.
As shown in the figure: Sensitivity: -34B ± ≠2dB, dB Chinese is called "decibel", decibel (decibel) is a unit that measures the number of two identical units, mainly used to measure the sound intensity, commonly expressed in dB.
Generally, the recognition sound needs a minimum duration of 20~50ms, and the distance between the sound source and the two ears is 1m, the propagation time difference is 0.029ms, and the sound pressure level is reduced by 6dB (A) for each doubling of the distance.
The 1V voltage output generated at 1μbar input sound pressure is defined as 0dB.
If the sound source is far from the microphone, you need to use a microphone with high sensitivity; in this way, you can pick up the sound of the sound source clearly and correctly. If the sound source is very close to the microphone, use a microphone with low sensitivity. There is a balance point.
High sensitivity of the microphone is a good thing. It can provide a higher input level to the mixer, which can improve the signal-to-noise ratio, but it is too high and its output voltage is high, which is prone to excessive distortion. Since the sensitivity is much smaller than 1 volt/pascal, the sensitivity is expressed as one db.
When used for karaoke singing, the distance between the microphone and the mouth is very close, so the sensitivity requirement is not high. If used for band recordings or stage performances, the sensitivity requirements are higher. Because of the high sensitivity, it is easier to pick up the surrounding sound source. So note that the sensitivity of -30dB is higher than -40dB.
Summary: Sensitivity should be selected according to the conditions of use, the sound source is far, the sensitivity is high, and the sound source is low sensitivity. The high sensitivity ensures that the far, slight sound signal is picked up, and the low sensitivity can pick up the near sound source and reduce the environmental noise. If we only use a microphone to chat in our lives, it is a near-sound source, so it is more appropriate to choose a sensitivity that is too high.
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