Automation has become a household name. The rapid development of social productivity is inseparable from the realization of industrial automation, but the mystery is not well known, but it is not esoteric, but it is only necessary to break through the window paper.
The production automation system is divided into different levels and can be described in the form of a vertical layered model, as shown in Figure 1.
The strategic functions of the management company are implemented in the “Corporate Control Layerâ€. The planning and management of the company's stratification is carried out by the subordinate “production control layerâ€. This area can also be named "Company or Factory Control Layer". In the "Process Control Layer", production orders are converted to the corresponding process, and the larger production line of the plant is controlled and monitored by the control system in this layer (manufacturing, unit, process master control unit).
Figure 1 Hierarchical model of production automation and requirements for data communication systems
Equipment that requires acquisition and control of process variables is located at the lowest level of automation – the field level. In addition to the control unit, it also includes human interface/terminal, sensors, actuators and various complex drive systems. The use of smart sensors, measuring transducers, drive systems and control devices is also increasing. The Fieldbus Control System (FCS) is a new distributed control measurement and control system.
The expensive wiring used to connect sensors and actuators in conventional control systems has been replaced by serial bus systems in modern plants (fieldbus systems, sensor-actuator-bus systems). Since the different automation layers have very different requirements for communication systems, it is more appropriate to use a combination of subsystems of different layers divided by layers than to use a single universal bus. Different communication systems are used according to the requirements of each automation layer, as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 hierarchical network structure in production automation system
The fieldbus system, as the lowest level of the factory digital communication network-field layer, realizes the interconnection between the equipment devices on the production process site, and makes the control of the production process closely related to the higher management.
With fieldbus, intelligent detection and execution equipment, you can get more information about the status of the field and equipment. As the amount of information transmitted by the fieldbus system increases, the required cables are greatly reduced. The biggest advantage of using fieldbus is that it provides field-level device diagnostics and configuration functions to facilitate network management and maintenance.
As a result, fieldbus has become the last segment of the industrial automation production system, and the reliability of its communication control is a vital part of the system's efficient and stable operation.
(The manuscript is provided by ZLG Zhiyuan Electronics)
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