Abstract: ZigBee technology has been widely used in various fields due to its low power consumption, flexible networking and low deployment cost. This paper proposes a smart home monitoring system based on ZigBee networking technology with Tina6410 and GSM communication module as the platform environment. The system collects data such as air quality, temperature and humidity through the PIC MCU, establishes a Web service, transmits it to the client through the Internet network, and sends an automatic alarm through GSM. It is used to meet the wireless and intelligent monitoring of indoor environments such as home and office.
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With the development of modern technology and the improvement of the quality of life, people's requirements for housing, in addition to safety and comfort, pay more attention to its intelligence and network. The United States first proposed the concept of Smart Home. Many domestic companies are also competing to research and develop smart home systems. Home monitoring systems, as an important application in smart home systems, have attracted the attention of many companies and developers. However, most of the early system systems use wired connection. In the decoration design, the wiring is cumbersome and the engineering is complicated. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a smart home monitoring system based on wireless communication.
1 Traditional home monitoring system
In recent years, with the development and integration of electronic technology, automation control technology and computer communication technology, smart homes have evolved from the budding period of concept introduction to the rich product design. Some well-known smart home brands have emerged in China. Sensing, Haier U-Home, Wisdom House, Yunjia, etc. A very important application in smart home is home security monitoring to ensure the safety of the home.
In the traditional wireless smart home monitoring solution, the main schemes include: adopting Bluetooth and 802.11 wireless LAN technology, but the programming is complicated and the chip price is relatively expensive; the infrared control scheme is adopted, the transmission distance is too short, and obstacles cannot be transmitted. It is difficult to install in the built building; the control terminal and the Internet access scheme are difficult to implement, the scalability is poor, and the cost is relatively high. The main disadvantages of these technologies are:
1) ZigBee technology is used for network transmission. Most of the choices are “SCM control + ZigBee chipâ€. There is no modular design, the transmission antenna design is troublesome and the signal stability is not high.
2) Most of the schemes used are multiple control terminals at the same time. The communication protocol design between them is very complicated and the efficiency is low. At the same time, the functions of the primary and secondary monitoring terminals are not clearly defined, and there are functionally duplicated parts.
3) Most of the existing solutions adopted lack the development of entertainment functions.
4) The monitoring system used, the addition of the monitoring module is more complicated and the scalability is poor.
Therefore, according to the situation of the existing design scheme, designing a smart home monitoring system with strong flexibility, strong expandability, stable networking and control has good practical value.
2 Wireless monitoring system design
Aiming at the main shortcomings of existing wireless smart home systems, this paper proposes a wireless, intelligent, intelligent control system with clear separation of main control functions, stable transmission information, low power consumption, low hardware cost and easy installation. .
The system includes a ZigBee center transceiver module connected to the control host, a plurality of ZigBee node modules and control circuit modules embedded in the home device, the alarm sensor or the home appliance, and the ZigBee center transceiver module and the ZigBee node module are routed through the ZigBee protocol. Send data wirelessly; control the host to send alarm information through GSM, remotely monitor the home environment through the Interner network, and have home entertainment functions.
The corresponding code and its function in the figure:
1 infrared detection part;
2 temperature detection part;
3 humidity detection part;
4 gas detection part;
5GSM communication module;
6 entertainment features;
77-inch LCD monitor.
8ZigBee wireless communication sub-module MRF24J40.
As shown in FIG. 1 , a wireless smart home monitoring system based on a ZigBee network is characterized in that: the main control hardware of the control terminal includes a Tiny6410 core board, a ZigBee module, a GSM module, and a 7-inch resistive touch screen; the user can pass through a remote Internet server. Log in to the main controller interface in the system to realize the function of remote monitoring of home information. When there is any danger or sudden situation in the home, it can also be sent short by the GSM module as shown in the figure.
The letter informs the owner of the user that the control circuit module is a control board circuit module (ie, a main control part), and the slave control part is mainly composed of a ZigBee sub-node, a PIC18f4620, and each controlled device, and receives a driving signal sent by the ZigBee node module. Or receiving a trigger signal of the controlled device and transmitting it to the ZigBee node module; the controlled device is an infrared alarm, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a smoke alarm.
3 system components and functions
The system design monitoring system mainly has two major functional modules: a wireless sensor network based on ZigBee technology networking and a web server based on embedded ARM platform. The main function of the ZigBee wireless sensor network is to realize the networking and information transmission of each child node, and feedback information and status to the main control terminal in time. The ARM core Tiny6410 hardware is used as an embedded platform to establish a Web server, support TCP/IP protocol, and communicate with an external network. Users want to query the information of the home environment in real time, and can log in to the Internet network to remotely access the embedded Web server (ie, the main control interface).
This system mainly realizes the following functions:
1) The infrared detection sub-node is responsible for the monitoring of environmental changes. When a stranger enters the abnormal state, the node sends a trigger signal, and the corresponding data collected by the PIC18f4620 chip of the underlying controller is sent to the coordinator sub-node in the network, and the embedded is notified at the same time. The web server starts the communication module and sends the alarm information to the designated mobile phone user through the GSM network. The user wants to know the situation at home in time, and can also access the embedded web server through the IE browser, as shown in parts 1 and 5 in FIG.
2) The system temperature monitoring sub-node monitors the indoor temperature in real time, uploads it to the main controller Tiny6410 and displays it on the LCD screen in real time. The main controller can set the temperature alarm threshold, and can also set whether to upload to the web server for the user to view. If the user needs remote control, the main controller Tiny6410 receives the remote control information, that is, generates the control command word, communicates with the ZigBee coordinator through the serial port, and then sends it to the terminal sub-node by the ZigBee coordinator to realize real-time adjustment of the indoor temperature, such as Parts 2 and 7 in Figure 1.
3) The humidity sub-node of the system design monitors the humidity of the environment in the home in real time, and the user logs in the embedded Web service through the Internet network to perform data query. At the same time, the humidity detection sub-node can also set the threshold. When the threshold is exceeded, the alarm information will be sent to the main controller, as shown in the third part of Figure 1.
4) The smoke detection sub-node has a corresponding smoke sensor, and the collected signal is processed and transmitted to the main control board through the ZigBee network. The system can monitor the concentration of carbon monoxide gas in the home in real time. When the detected value exceeds the set threshold, the child node control system will quickly start the exhaust fan device and send alarm information to the user's mobile phone through the GSM network, as shown in Figures 4 and 5 of Figure 1. section.
5) The controller is a Tiny6410 core board. The CPU allows fast speed and powerful functions. The module can expand many entertainment functions. For example, MP3 and MP4 have rich home entertainment functions, as shown in Figure 6 in Part 6.
6) ZigBee technology has the characteristics of simple networking and strong scalability. The network allows the new nodes to be added and managed in time, which facilitates the system to expand new monitoring modules, and has the advantages of convenient installation and low cost.
4 system software design
The system main control chip is the ARM core Tiny 6410 controller, which is responsible for the overall system operation control, drive configuration and interface management; the bottom layer uses PIC's PIC18F4620 controller to drive the wireless communication module, and is connected to the ZigBee technology network. Communication, while performing tasks assigned by the terminal control interface. The overall process of system software design is shown in Figure 2.
5 system actual operation effect
The system uses virtual QT to develop real-time human-machine interface. It is a GUI design software. It only needs to be designed on one platform, and can be directly transplanted and run on other platforms, which has better platform adaptability. The developed application is clear and beautiful, and is very suitable for the development of human-computer interaction interface of embedded system. The bottom layer collects sensor information such as temperature and humidity through the PIC microcontroller, and uses ZigBee technology to network and transmit data to the human-computer interaction interface, which is convenient for monitoring the running status of the system in time. The operating effect of the system based on the LCD interface on the ARM hardware platform is shown in Figure 3.
6 Conclusion
The system uses Tina6410 processor as the core, uses PIC18f4620 MCU to collect the underlying data, forms the wireless network control system through ZigBee technology, and establishes the Web server to transmit to the user through the Internet network, and can send alarm information through GSM. The system has the characteristics of low power consumption, convenient networking and strong expandability, and is convenient for remote monitoring in real time, and has good development prospects.
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