[Abstract] Objective: To design a wearable ECG monitoring system to monitor patients' ECG changes in real time. Methods: Based on biofeedback technology, biofeedback training was introduced to design a wearable ECG monitoring system with relaxation therapy and behavioral therapy. The system uses radio frequency identification (RFID) IoT technology to realize the wireless transmission of ECG data, and the matrix analysis (MATLAB) software is used to easily realize the family analysis of ECG data. RESULTS: The system realized wearable wireless ECG monitoring, which can better mobilize the subjective action of the patient, and make it spontaneously adjust the psychological and physiological activities to achieve the purpose of preventing disease or treating diseases. Conclusion: The wearable ECG monitoring system designed with biofeedback technology and RFID-based IoT technology has strong practicability and can be applied.
ECG monitoring is widely used in clinical and rehabilitation nursing. It can monitor the patient's ECG changes in real time, and the monitoring equipment can give patients some guidance in a timely and automatic manner, so that patients can consciously adjust their nervous system functions and adjust their internals. The physiological state has a good effect. The utility model can realize the convenience of wireless data transmission, and the home wearable ECG monitoring system and the supporting software with certain expert guiding functions have broad application prospects. In this study, a radio frequency identification (radio frequency idenTIficaTIon, RFID)-based Internet of Things technology was used to design a wearable ECG monitoring system; with the help of a personal computer (PC), the matrix laboratory (matrix laboratory) MATLAB) software's powerful data analysis and processing capabilities make it easy to analyze ECG monitoring data in a MATLAB environment. Through this system, patients can not only achieve a certain range of remote ECG monitoring without being restricted, but also self-analyze their ECG signals on PC, and perform simple parameter detection and waveform detection.
1 Biofeedback technology and biofeedback training
1.1 Biofeedback Technology
There is a close internal relationship between psychological activities and physiological activities, which is the material basis for unconscious physiological activities under the control of conscious consciousness. Biofeedback technology, through conscious training, allows the patient's will to control the function of smooth muscles, myocardium, and many organs innervated by many plants that are thought to be incapable of being arbitrarily within certain conditions and scope. Through the sensor, the patient's normally unconscious physical functions, such as ECG, EEG, EMG, and blood pressure, are processed and amplified, and converted into their familiar visual signals or auditory signals in time to make the patient truly " Feeling "to the activity of the internal organs of the body; through learning and training, the patient learns to correct, restore or stabilize the activity of the internal organs by adjusting the advanced functions of the central nervous system within a certain range, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing and treating diseases. The realization of biofeedback requires the participation of various systems of the patient's body. The feedback information continuously sent by the controlled part is recognized and understood by the central nervous system, and the various systems are involved in the adjustment of physiological and psychological functions, thereby forming feedback information—adjustment loop. The psychological and physiological state of the imbalance of the patient's body is transformed into a relatively balanced state to maintain physical and mental health.
Biofeedback therapy fully reflects the inseparability of the mind and body and the holistic view of the mind and body. As the development of behavioral therapy, since the beginning of the 1960s, with the establishment of behavioral theory and the rise of system theory, cybernetics and information theory, the development of psychology, physiology, clinical medicine and modern electronics On the basis of the development of the "biological → psychological → social" medical model, in the fields of preventive medicine, rehabilitation medicine, clinical medicine and other fields with its advantages of no damage, no pain, no adverse drug reactions, simple methods and satisfactory therapeutic effects. Get more and more widely used applications.
1.2 Biofeedback training
Biofeedback training focuses on the regulation and correction of the patient's body behavior (physiological and psychological behavior). It is a process of psychological and physiological development, emphasizing perseverance. The mechanism of biofeedback is shown in Figure 1.
The effectiveness of biofeedback therapy is closely related to the degree of patient involvement. During the treatment, patients must truly recognize the development of physiology and psychology. Understand that biofeedback therapy devices can improve the training effect, but they cannot replace training. Patients must consciously mobilize their potential and actively participate in the treatment. After a certain period of training, the patient can no longer use the biofeedback treatment device to achieve good relaxation and certain control of specific internal organs. If you only focus on behavioral training and ignore physical and psychological treatment, the effect will not last. Combining behavioral training with physiotherapy and psychotherapy can make the treatment effect more stable and lasting.
Biofeedback relaxation training with good anti-stress effect not only enables patients to overcome the negative emotions and trauma caused by illness, but also can gradually relax the muscles and nervous muscles through training, and enhance the perception of physiological information of the painful parts. And control, encourage patients to increase the confidence of rehabilitation, can free them from mental pain. When the patient is in a relaxed state, the respiratory rate and heart rate are slowed down, the blood pressure is lowered, the whole body skeletal muscle tension is lowered, and the limbs are warm, the mind is clear, the mood is relaxed and pleasant, and the whole body feels comfortable. Biofeedback relaxation training can be used alone or in combination with medications or other psychotherapies to reduce medication use and even shorten the course of treatment.
2 Design of wearable ECG monitoring system based on biofeedback technology
With the development of computer technology and sensor technology, wearable devices have gradually become a research hotspot. Wearable telemedicine can provide low-load, non-contact and long-term continuous physiological testing for patients. As a new generation medical monitoring mode, it is considered to be the most effective and practical monitoring method. This research applies RFID-based Internet of Things technology and introduces bio-feedback technology to establish a wearable ECG monitoring system. It can realize the continuous and long-term monitoring of patients' ECG parameters, supplemented by expert guidance function to guide patients to be conscious. Biofeedback training.
2.1 Hardware structure and principle of wearable ECG monitoring system
The ECG electrode is used to extract the weak ECG signal from the human body, filter the interference signal and then amplify it. After the analog signal is processed by the conditioning circuit, it is wirelessly transmitted to the 485 bus through RFID, and the data is sent to the PC through the 485 bus. Into the network database (as shown in Figure 2).
Figure 2 ECG acquisition system block diagram
RFID automatically recognizes and acquires relevant data through radio frequency signals. The data recognition speed is fast, the capacity is large, multiple targets and moving targets can be recognized at the same time, and the operation is convenient and fast. The RFID system includes three parts: electronic tags, read and/or card writers, and data processing software platforms. RFID electronic tags can store up to megabytes of memory and can be read and written repeatedly to access device information at any time.
In order to grasp the usage status of the wearable ECG monitoring system in real time, the active RFID tag is fixed and attached on it; the RFID reader is installed in a certain range of free movement areas of the patient, and the wider the installation range, the patient is free to move. The larger the area, the electronic code of the reader can correspond to the corresponding patient activity area identity (IdenTIty, ID) identification. A wearable ECG monitoring device with active RFID can be identified by an RFID reader in the area as long as it is distributed within a certain range of the RFID reader, RFID-compatible wearable ECG The monitoring device information and the collected ECG data are transmitted to the upper PC through the 485 bus, and the upper PC can automatically track and monitor the ECG according to the obtained information by correspondingly matching the RFID code with the corresponding ECG monitoring device, ie, the corresponding patient ID. The device is monitored for operation, and the data is stored in the network database in the background; if necessary, the collected electrocardiogram can be displayed on the upper computer screen in real time. The doctor or patient can also access the network database through the Internet, and extract the corresponding ECG data according to the patient ID, and then use the supporting system software to monitor the corresponding ECG at any time.
2.2 Software design of wearable ECG monitoring system
The system software reads the collected ECG data, can dynamically display the ECG signal in real time on the computer, and uses MATLAB's wavelet analysis toolbox to perform simple parameter detection and waveform detection on the ECG signal collected in real time. The system adopts the standard Windows window interface style, which is mainly composed of functional modules such as system settings, ECG acquisition, ECG analysis and help. After entering the system, the basic information of the monitored patient can be queried, modified, saved and printed at any time.
2.2.1 ECG acquisition and analysis module
Realize the acquisition, preprocessing and analysis display of ECG signals. Wavelet transform is very suitable for analyzing non-stationary signals of ECG signals. Using MATLAB's wavelet analysis toolbox, simple parameter detection and waveform detection are performed on the ECG signals collected in real time (as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4).
Figure 3 ECG signal dynamic display interface diagram
Figure 4 ECG signal analysis interface diagram
2.2.2 Help module function
The help module function of the wearable ECG monitoring system is divided into the following three parts.
(1) Operating instructions and online help. Can provide more detailed instructions for the system and give users online help.
(2) Expert consultation function. Using database technology to develop ECG monitoring and biofeedback training question and answer system, the system can call relevant chm files, so that ordinary users can fully understand the relevant theoretical knowledge of ECG monitoring and biofeedback training, in order to do biofeedback training. Before using the system, the patient can perform conscious biofeedback training for his or her ECG status for a period of time under the guidance of a doctor. Through training, learn to correct, restore or adjust the advanced function of the central nervous system within a certain range. Stabilize its ECG. After many trainings, the patient can spontaneously recognize and understand the feedback information through the central nervous system, mobilize his own functional system to participate in the adjustment of physiological and psychological functions, and form feedback information—adjusting the loop to keep the patient healthy and healthy. To achieve the purpose of preventing and treating diseases. During use, the patient can use the system help module to guide their training at any time.
(3) Database management. Data query, modification, save and print operations can be performed online on the system's network database.
3 Conclusion
As a new way to prevent and treat various psychosomatic diseases, biofeedback therapy still has many imperfections. For example, biofeedback devices that have not fully grasped its therapeutic mechanism and lack of simple operation and can quantitatively evaluate the training effect are still to be further studied. . The wearable ECG monitoring system based on biofeedback technology designed in this study is a useful exploration and attempt of biofeedback technology application. The trial shows that it has certain promotion and application value. With the deepening of research, biofeedback technology will have more and more application prospects.
Automotive Toggle Switches , namely Electrical Toggle Switches. Our Automotive Switches could divided into Push Button Switches, Automotive Toggle Switches, Automotive Rocker Switches , Automotive Rotary Switches and Automotive Battery Switches .
Yeswitch has been designing and manufacturing Momentary Toggle Switches for nearly 30 years and has accumulated rich experience in this field. Yueswitch people continue to innovate and constantly overcome technical problems, providing professional automotive control panel toggle switches for global automakers and enthusiasts in the global automotive modification industry. The types of our toggle switch products are complete and diversified to meet the needs of customers.
Yeswitch Waterproof Toggle Switches is widely used in the automotive field, ship, medical, communication, and has IP6 standard. Our company's full range of toggle switches not only have reliable quality assurance, but also can be diversified in appearance. Different types of crank handles can be selected with LED Light design, which is convenient for setting and preventing desperation.
Automotive Toggle Switches
Automotive Toggle Switches,Automotive Toggle Switch,Electrical Toggle Switches,Toggle Switch Function
YESWITCH ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. , https://www.yeswitches.com